Building Automation System training offers opportunity to implement energy management systems that monitor and respond to a commercial building’s energy needs. A building control system reduces heating and air conditioning costs based on occupancy and zone demand. Properly installed and controlled, a BAS offers significant energy savings while increasing HVAC efficiency and extending the heating/cooling system’s service life.
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A building automation system (BAS), is an umbrella energy management system that oversees building functions. Also known as a building control system, a BAS controls heating, and other energy management systems in a building. The result is increased system efficiency, a reduction in operating costs, energy conservation, and extended system life cycles. Better control of heat, ventilation, and lighting systems also improves occupant comfort.
A building automation system combines existing mechanical and electrical systems with microprocessors and computers. Computers are optional, as all BAS controllers contain their own internal processors. The system may offer standalone capabilities or be linked to the internet for long-distance control. Through an online connection, it’s possible to monitor and alter BAS settings in multiple buildings and facilities without site visits.
An important aspect of Building Automation Systems training is learning how to match the correct building control system to existing HVAC and heating equipment. Each building’s unique electrical controls must be carefully considered.
Building Automation System training allows your facilities team to implement a wide range of BAS strategies and control sequences. Advantages of working with a BAS include:
– Adaptive learning based on equipment temperature and interior and exterior air conditions.
– Alerts delivered by , pager, or in case of system problems.
– Bringing equipment online automatically before building use for timely attainment of set points.
– Control algorithms to reset system schedules where predictive programs reduce energy costs.
– Integration with other building automation control systems.
– Load shedding capabilities during peak demand times.
– Monitoring of electric, gas, steam, water, and fuel consumption.
– Scheduling operation for equipment and lighting systems based on building or space occupancy.
– Trim and load options based on zone demand.
Efficiently managing a commercial building can significantly impact the bottom line, and that’s where the intelligent application of a Building Management System (BMS) comes into play. In , 60% of commercial buildings over 50,00 square feet in the United States had a building management system (BMS).
Leveraging a BMS ensures optimal building performance, enhances tenant comfort, and drives down energy costs through integrated control and monitoring. In this blog we'll explore the following topics in relation to BMS systems.
What is a Building Management System?
How Building Management Systems Work
Advantages of a BMS System
Challenges and Considerations
When is BMS a requirement?
Cost of a Building Management
Major Building Management System Companies
Building Management Systems (BMS), also known as Building Automation Systems (BAS), are computer-based systems installed in buildings to control and monitor the building's mechanical and electrical equipment, such as HVAC, lighting, energy, fire systems, and security systems.
In simple terms, the BMS serves as a central control point for all facilities within a building.
Because the BMS can remotely control heating and ventilation systems from a computer or mobile device, facility management staff do not have to physically walk to each building, floor, or room to shut down, switch on, or manually adjust mechanical devices.
Here are some examples of what the BMS controls:
In the below diagram, you can see a visual representation of the different systems a BMS controls, including:
Because every piece of equipment in the building feeds data to one, single system, the BMS allows for well-informed decision-making, boosts efficiency, and curtails energy consumption, ultimately leading to cost savings and a green real estate.
The truth is building management systems consists of both software and hardware components.
A Building Management System (BMS) functions by collecting information from sensors and equipment within a building, processing this data centrally, and then issuing commands to control various building systems. This is done according to set criteria and user inputs, using a network of interconnected hardware and software components.
In the diagram below you can see the sensors and equipment at the bottom, the automation controllers that control those sensors on the next level, the BMS servers on the next level, and finally the BMS application on a physical device at the top. For more on BMS architecture and structure , continue reading below.
In the architecture diagram below, you can see an overview of the three main levels of the BMS System: field, automation, and management.
The first at the very bottom is the field level, consisting of the e-sensors, instruments, valves, actuators, thermostats, IO modules, etc. The field layer performs the following functions:
Next, comes the automation level. The automation layer performs multiple functions.
Lastly, is the management level. Via a human machine interface or computer, program, the management level displays all the information taken from the field level by the controllers in a graphical user interface. The management layer performs the following functions:
Now that you understand a BMS system's architecture, we can look at the individual hardware and software parts:
The control panels are the core of a BMS, installed within a plant room and wired directly to the building's systems. They serve as the central command centers where data is received, processed, and commands are issued. The controllers within the automation layer are located within the BMS control panel.
A BMS control panel in a commercial office building would look like this:
Sensors are deployed throughout the building to collect data on environmental conditions and system performance. They play a crucial role in monitoring and regulating building functions.
Actuators are mechanical devices attached to systems like heating valves or duct louvers. They adjust the environmental settings by opening and closing valves or adjusting louvers automatically as dictated by the BMS.
Energy meters are integrated to monitor the consumption of utilities such as gas, electricity, and water. Sub-meters may be used to track usage in specific areas, providing detailed insights into the building's energy distribution and highlighting areas for potential savings.
The software component of a BMS is critical for integrating the data collected from various sensors and executing the control strategies. It enables the processing and analysis of data to ensure that building operations are optimized for energy efficiency and comfort.
Example: Tridium's Niagara Framework integrates various building systems onto a single platform, allowing for centralized data analysis and management.
Within the control panels, controllers hold the strategic logic used to manage the building's systems effectively. These controllers are programmed to respond to the data received from sensors, adjusting the building's systems to maintain optimal conditions automatically.
Example: Distech Controls' programmable controllers execute heating, cooling, and ventilation sequences based on real-time data and predefined schedules.
The user interface allows facility managers and building operators to interact with the system, monitor real-time data, and make adjustments as needed. This interface can be accessed through web-based portals, mobile applications, or directly through physical interfaces on the control panels.
In the context of a Building Management System (BMS), the network infrastructure refers to the system of connections that allow data to be communicated between the various components of the BMS such as sensors, control panels, actuators, and the user interface.
This network can be either wired or wireless, each having distinct characteristics and applications:
Wired networks involve physical cables (e.g., Ethernet cables) that connect devices within the BMS. These cables transmit data between sensors, actuators, control panels, and other components.
Wireless networks use radio waves to connect devices within the BMS without the need for physical cables. This includes technologies like Wi-Fi, Zigbee, or Bluetooth.
Regarding protocols, these are sets of rules that govern how data is transmitted and received over a network. In networking terms, a protocol is a standard or set of rules that devices must follow to communicate effectively over a network. Protocols ensure that data sent by one device is understood correctly by another, regardless of the make or model of the device.
Two protocol examples include:
A widely used protocol specifically designed for managing building automation and control systems. It supports communication functions among devices such as HVAC units, lighting systems, security systems, and other building services.
Another common protocol used in building management as well as industrial automation systems. It allows for communication on the same network among various devices that monitor and control equipment.
Protocols like BACnet and Modbus define data structure, method of data exchange, and timing for communication. This enables different systems and devices within a BMS to exchange information reliably and interpret it correctly, ensuring seamless operation of building management functions.
Both the choice between wired and wireless networks and the selection of appropriate communication protocols depend on specific building requirements, system complexity, and the need for reliability and security in data handling.
For more information, please visit Building Management System Training.
Implementing a modern Building Management System (BMS) provides significant advantages that contribute to operational efficiencies, safety, and occupant comfort. Here’s a closer look at how a BMS enhances building management:
A modern BMS optimizes the operation of mechanical and electrical systems including HVAC, lighting, and power systems. By automating processes such as turning off lights when not needed and adjusting temperature based on occupancy, a BMS can significantly reduce energy consumption and lower energy bills.
For example, smart scheduling and demand-controlled ventilation ensure that energy is used only when necessary, optimizing consumption patterns and significantly reducing waste.
By maintaining controlled indoor environmental conditions—regulating temperature, humidity, and air quality—a BMS ensures a comfortable atmosphere for occupants. Appropriate lighting levels and smooth operation of systems contribute to an environment conducive to productivity and well-being. The system's ability to adapt to varying occupancy and environmental conditions without manual intervention allows for consistent comfort without excessive energy use.
A BMS enhances building safety by integrating fire alarms, smoke detectors, and other emergency response systems into a unified management platform. It can detect and respond to emergencies swiftly, for instance, by controlling emergency exits and directing occupants safely.
Regular monitoring and automatic adjustments reduce risks associated with equipment malfunction, which can lead to accidents or failures.
Through efficient management of building systems, a BMS reduces the costs associated with maintenance and operation. It extends the lifespan of equipment by preventing overuse and facilitating timely maintenance, thereby decreasing the likelihood of costly repairs or replacements. Proactive data analysis and fault detection allow facility managers to address issues before they escalate, ensuring systems operate within their optimal parameters.
With a properly configured BMS, ASHRAE energy audits are easier to perform because all of the data is in one, central location.
Modern BMS systems help buildings comply with increasingly stringent energy consumption and emissions regulations. Automated data logging and reporting simplify compliance with environmental standards and building codes.
This compliance is not only beneficial for avoiding penalties but also positions the property as a leader in sustainability, enhancing its market value and appeal.
The data collected by a BMS provides valuable insights into the performance and utilization of a building’s infrastructure, aiding in effective asset management and decision-making regarding maintenance and capital investments. Organizations attempting to secure ISO certification, can benefit greatly from implementing a modern BMS.
Enhanced security features of a BMS include controlled access to different building zones and monitoring of security cameras, which help prevent unauthorized access and ensure the safety of the premises.
While the benefits of a Building Management System (BMS) are considerable, implementing such systems presents certain challenges:
Integrating a BMS with existing building systems can be complex, particularly in older structures not originally designed for centralized management. This integration process requires careful planning to ensure compatibility and functionality across different systems and equipment.
Traditional BMS are excellent for controlling building operations but often lack detailed energy monitoring and precise fault detection capabilities. For instance, while a BMS might detect an anomaly like a floor being outside temperature set points, pinpointing the specific malfunctioning unit such as an air handling unit causing that temperature imbalance can be challenging.
The initial setup cost of a BMS can be high, especially for comprehensive systems that include advanced features. However, these costs are often offset by the long-term savings in energy and maintenance expenses.
Ensuring that staff are adequately trained to use the BMS effectively is essential. Staff must understand how to interpret the system’s outputs and make informed decisions based on real-time data.
Effective strategies to address these challenges include selecting scalable and flexible BMS solutions that can grow and adapt to the building’s needs. Ensuring vendor support for training and system upgrades can also mitigate these challenges, allowing for smoother operation and maintenance.
Implementing a BMS offers significant potential to enhance the management of building operations, contributing to sustainability, safety, and operational efficiency. While challenges exist, strategic planning and continuous improvement can help maximize the benefits of a BMS.
The future of Building Management Systems is shaped by advancements in technology, particularly through the integration of the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and machine learning. These developments are expected to significantly enhance how buildings are managed and operated:
Overall, technological advancements in IoT, AI, and machine learning are set to revolutionize BMS, making them smarter and more proactive in managing building environments efficiently and sustainably. Modern BMS platforms are only the beginning of smart commercial building technologies.
In the United States and the United Kingdom, there is no requirement for having a BMS in a commercial building.
The European Union has mandated the adoption of Building Automation Control Systems (BACS) in tertiary buildings, including hotels, office buildings, towers, and warehouses by January as part of a move to enhance energy efficiency and cut down CO2 emissions.
This requirement was set in motion in when EU member countries began integrating this mandate into their own national laws in line with the EU Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD).
The directive calls for the incorporation or updating of BACS like Building Management Systems in non-residential buildings, both existing and new constructions, if they have an effective rated output exceeding 290 kW.
The cost of a Building Management System (BMS) and the selection of the system provider are crucial considerations for any facility manager planning to install or upgrade a BMS. These factors significantly influence both the initial investment and the long-term operational costs of managing a building effectively.
The BMS cost per square meter typically ranges from $2.50 to $7.50, influenced by the specific requirements and features implemented. This pricing can fluctuate based on the complexity of the system and the specific needs of the business.
As a rule, if your building is larger than 50,000 square feet, the cost to install a BMS will be offset by the associated efficiency gains.
The BMS industry is dominated by several major players known for their innovative solutions and global reach. Here’s a brief overview of some of the top companies in this space:
Honeywell
Based in the US, Honeywell has a diverse range of commercial and consumer products and services. It offers extensive BMS capabilities, including automation systems, software, and controls, focusing on energy savings and operational efficiencies. Honeywell also owns Trend Control Systems, a prominent BMS provider in the UK and Ireland. Learn more about Honeywell
Johnson Controls
Originally founded in Ireland, Johnson Controls manufactures a wide range of products for buildings, including electronics and HVAC equipment. Its Metasys Building Automation System is noted for contributing to global energy management trends. Learn more about Johnson Controls
Schneider Electric
Founded in France, Schneider Electric offers products for electricity distribution, energy management, and building automation. The company is known for its EcoStruxure Building platform, which supports IoT connectivity to enhance building operations. Learn more about Schneider Electric
Siemens
A German conglomerate, Siemens provides a wide array of services and products across multiple industries, including building technologies. Their BMS solutions include the Desigo, Synco, and GAMMA product lines, designed for efficient building automation and control.
Learn more about Siemens
Emerson
Headquartered in the US, Emerson offers engineering services and products for various markets, including commercial and residential solutions. Their supervisory control systems provide advanced facilities management capabilities. Learn more about Emerson
These companies lead the way in developing and deploying building management systems that enhance energy efficiency, ensure safety, and improve the overall management of building operations globally.
As commercial buildings continue to evolve into increasingly complex systems, the role of a Building Management System is foundational but just the first step towards achieving comprehensive building intelligence. While a BMS efficiently integrates and manages the various subsystems within a building, establishing a single view of all connected endpoints, the next phase of building evolution extends into more nuanced energy management and operational efficiency through Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) or building analytics platforms, such as CIM's PEAK Platform.
For a graphical representation of how PEAK works on top of your BMS system, see the below diagram:
First, PEAK collects data from your water company, utility company, BMS provider, etc. Next the platform uses that information to identify mechanical faults within your building, allowing you to assign tickets to your onsite facility management team and ensure your building is running at its most efficient.
CIM connects to your BMS via a RJ45 cable. Using a Bacer, PEAK connects to your onsite network and pulls your building's operational information into our AI-drive software platform. In a matter of days, the platform can be up and running, identifying the inevitable faults and failures that occur in your building.
CIM’s PEAK Platform exemplifies the advancement in building analytics that modern facilities require. It harnesses the data collected by a traditional BMS and elevates it through sophisticated analysis and interpretation techniques. This approach unlocks critical insights that go beyond the surface-level data, providing deep dives into energy consumption patterns, operational anomalies, and predictive maintenance cues.
One of the standout features of building analytics platforms is predictive maintenance. By predicting potential system failures before they occur, the PEAK Platform helps avoid unplanned downtime and expensive repairs, while also ensuring that the building’s systems are running at peak efficiency. This proactive maintenance strategy not only extends the lifespan of the building's infrastructure but also enhances overall energy efficiency.
In conclusion, while a BMS is crucial for the fundamental management of building systems, the future lies in building analytics platforms like CIM’s PEAK Platform. These advanced systems represent a significant leap forward in building management, offering the tools to transform data into actionable insights that drive efficiency, reduce costs, and improve the sustainability of building operations. As buildings continue to evolve, the integration of these advanced analytics platforms will become increasingly essential in managing the modern, smart buildings of tomorrow.
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